Retrospective Case Series of Ocular Lyme Disease, 1988–2025 - Volume 32, Number 1—January 2026 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC

January 1, 2026
Case Report
Jenna Bellafiore, Abdallah Mahrous, Vaishnavi Gurumurthy, Eugene Capitle, Steven E. Schutzer
Pathogen:Borrelia burgdorferi
Infection Type:ocular infection
Pathogen Type:Bacteria

Summary

This retrospective case series from 1988–2025 highlights ocular manifestations of Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Patients presented with various ocular symptoms, including uveitis, optic neuritis, and cranial nerve palsy. Diagnosis involved identifying the pathogen through unspecified methods, likely serology or PCR, given the nature of Lyme disease. The study emphasizes that ocular involvement in Lyme disease is often overlooked due to its uncommon presentation and the subtlety of signs and symptoms, leading to potential diagnostic delays. This underscores the importance of considering Lyme disease in cases of unexplained ocular inflammation, especially in endemic areas.

Key note: Ocular Lyme disease symptoms are often subtle and can be missed, necessitating a high index of suspicion.

DOI: 10.3201/eid3201.250769