This case report and multi-center retrospective study investigates invasive fungal infections in patients receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKIs) for malignant hematologic conditions. The study highlights a patient presenting with symptoms consistent with invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Diagnosis involved identifying these specific fungal pathogens in BTKI-treated individuals. The increasing use of BTKIs necessitates awareness of their association with severe opportunistic fungal infections like aspergillosis and mucormycosis, which can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. This underscores the importance of early recognition and aggressive management in this vulnerable patient population.
Key note: Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors increase the risk of invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis in patients with hematologic malignancies.